Pump



June 29, 1937.

J. 5. ABERCROMBIE PUMP Filed May 14, 1,934

INVEN TOR.

9:); a B ATTORNEY.

Patented June 29, 1937 UNITED: STATES PATENT OFFICE PUMP Texas Application May 14, 1934, Serial No. 725,544

8 Claims.- (Cl. 103 44) This invention relates generally to pumps.

It will be found particularly useful in pumps designed for pumping abrasive and corrosive fluid of the general type disclosed by Letters Patent of the United States to Stephens No. 1,848,441 of March 8, 1932. A conventional pump of this type adapted for use as a mud or slush pump in deep well drilling includes a barrel; inlet and outlet valvestherefor; a hollow expansible member within the barrel; and a reciprocable piston to actuate pumping fluid confined within the expansible member to cause expension and contraction thereof whereby pumped fluid is drawn into and forced'out of said barrel.

In pumps of other types the pumped fluid is in contact with the piston and rod and carries away the heat generated by the reciprocation of the piston and rod through conventional packings. In the type of pump to which this invention relates, however, the piston and rod are sealed off from the fluid being pumped and the heat so generated is therefore transferred to the pumping fluid within the expansible member.

, These expansible members are usually made of rubber, which is a very good heat insulator, and

the pumping fluid within the expansible member is in contact with very little metal. Under certain conditions, such as when the packings are inadvertently made too tight, the heat is not dissipated as rapidly as it is generated. And so, under such conditions, the pumping fluid in the expansible member will reach a very high temperature whereby the expansible member will be injured; and when the pressure on the pumping fluid is reduced on the suction stroke of the piston, the pumping fluid will boil so that the pumping member will remain expanded, which renders the pump inoperative. This invention has for its general object the provision of new and improved means to prevent heating of the pumping fluid to an objectionably high temperature by cooling the.piston and rod to remove the heat where it is generated and before it enters the pumping fluid in the expansible member.

A specific object of the invention is to provide means to so cool the piston and rod with the pumped fluid as a coolant. I

Another specific object is to so cool the piston and rod by circulating therethru a coolant from an external source independently of the pump.

The invention also has for another of its objects the provision of new and improved means whereby the pumping fluid may be kept above 55 its freezing point, or at any desired predeterform of the piston and rod.

As the operation of this pump is clearly set forth in said patent to Stephens No. 1,848,441, it will be but briefly referred to here as follows:

The two barrels of the pump are indicated at I and 2. The inlet and outlet means for the former are indicated at 3 and 4, respectively; and for the latter at 5 and 6, respectively. The inlet means 3 and 4 communicate with a common inlet passageway "I, and outlet means 4 and 6 with a. common outlet passageway 8. Within the barrels I and 2 are hollow expansible pumping members 9 and III, the former being sealed at its opposite ends to the end walls of the barrel at II and I2, and the latter being sealed at its opposite ends to the end walls of the barrel 2 at I3 and I4. The numerals I5, I6, I1 and I8 indicate rings whereby the expansible members 9 and III are connected to the end walls of the barrels and will form the subject matter of another application.

The piston is indicated at I9 extending through the packings 20 and 2| into the expansible members 9 and I0, said packings 20 and 2I being held in place by means of the glands 22 and 23 secured by the ring nuts 24 and 25. Extending from opposite ends of the piston I9 through the packings 26 and 21 are the hollow rods and 29.

The piston I8 may be reciprocated by the rod 28 and it will serve to displace the pumping fluid confined within the expansible members 8 and I0 to alternately expand and contract said members. When the piston I 9 is in the position shown the pumping member 9 is in its normal cylindrical shape, and the pumping member I0 is in its expanded shape. When the piston moves to the left the pumping member 9 mil be expanded, and the pumping member II] will resume its normal cylindrical shape. The valves (not shown) of the inlet means 3 and outlet means 6 will then be closed, and the valves (-not shown) of the inlet means 5 and outlet means 4 will be open, so that the pumped fluid confined in-the barrel I will be expelled through the outlet means and passageway 8, and a fresh charge of pumped fluid will be drawn into the barrel 2 through the inlet passageway I and inlet means 5. When the piston I9 moves in the opposite direction into the position shown by solid lines, the valves (not shown) of the inlet means 3 and outlet means 6 will open, and valves (not shown) of inlet means 5 and outlet means 4 will close, so that the pumped fluid within the barrel 2 will be expelled through the outlet means 6 and passageway 8, and a fresh charge of fluid will be drawn into the barrel 1 through the inlet passageway 1 and inlet means 3. It will be obvious that as the piston l9 reciprocates. this operation will be repeated.

Referring now to the new and improved means provided by this invention to prevent heating of the pumping fluid confined-within the pumping members 9 and ID to an objectionably high temperature:

.The piston l9 and rods 28 and 29 reciprocate through the packings 20, 2|, 26 and Z'L'and it 3i. The pipes 30, 3|, 34 and 35 are provided with valves '36, 31, 38 and 39, respectively. Now if the valves 3! and 39 are closed, andthe valves 36 and 38 opened, a portion of the pumped=fluid discharged through the outlet passageway 8 will passthrough thepipe 30 into the rod 29, piston l9 and rod 28 (to prevent the excessive generation of heat) and thence through the pipes 33 and 314 into the inlet passageway I.

If the valves 36 and 38 are closed and valves 31 and 39 are opened, and the coolant pump 32 operated, a coolant may be forced from an external source of supply through the pipe 3| into the rod 29, piston l9 and rod 28 (to prevent the excessive generation of heat) and thence into the pipes 33 and 35 back to the source of coolant supply.

It will be apparent in view of the foregoing, that the heat is removed'before it-enters, the pumping fluid in the expansible members 9 and [0; that is, it is removed from the piston and rods and their packings by which it is generated.

It will be understood that to permit, the reciprocation of the piston 28, the pipes 30, 3| and 33 will not be rigid, but will contain a flexible section. a

Referring now to Fig. 2, a .modifled form of the piston is indicated at 40 and rod at 4 I. The piston 40 is hollow and the rod has two longitudinal ducts 42 and 43, the former of whichextends into a relatively small pipe 44 terminating near the end of the piston. The duct 42 communicates with the pipe 45 and the duct 43 with the pipe 46.

, The pipe 45 maybe connected to the inlet passageway I and the:pipe 46 to the outlet passageway 8 (Fig. 1) or the pipe 45 may be connected to the pipe 3| and the pipe 46 to the pipe 35 (Fig. 1) whereby either the pumped fluid ora coolant from an external independent source of supply may be made to flow through the rod 4| and piston 40 to keep these elements-cool.

ing fluid rather than a coolant from an external independent source of supply, precisely in the manner that'the coolant is so circulated as hereinabove described.

The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiment here disclosed. Various changes will occur to those skilled in the art, and may be made within the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A pump having a pair of barrels; inlet and outlet means for said barrels; a hollow expansible pumping member in each of said barrels; pumping fluid in said members; piston packings in said barrels; a piston extending through and reciprocable in said packings to actuate said pumping fluid to effect the expansion and contraction of said members to draw pumped fluid into said barrels through said inlet means, and to expel it fromsaid barrels through said outlet means; rod

packings in said'barrels; and a rod connected to each end of said'piston and extending through one of said rod packings to the exterior of said pump; said piston and rods being hollow and communicating with said inlet means and outlet means so that a portion of thepumped fluid discharged through said outlet means will pass through said piston and rods'and into said inlet means.

2. A pump having a pair of barrels; inlet and outlet means for said barre1s;a hollowexpansible pumping member in each of said barrels; pump ing fluid in said members; 'piston packings in said barrels; a piston extending through and reciprocable in said packings to actuate said pumping fluid to effect the expansion and contraction of said members to draw pumped fluid into said barrels through said inlet means, and to expel it from said barrels through said outlet means; rod packings in said barrels; and a rod connected to each end of said piston and extend: ing through one of'said rod packings to the exterior of said pump; said piston and rods being hollow and communicating with said outlet means so that a portion of the pumped fluid discharged through said outlet means will pass through said piston androds.

3. A pump having a pair of barrels; inlet and outlet means for saidbarrels; a hollow expansible pumping member in each of said barrels; pumping fluid in said members; piston packings in said barrels; a-piston extending through andreciprocable in said packings to actuate said pumping fluid to eiiect the expansion and contraction of said members to draw pumped fluid into said barrels through said inlet means, and to expel it from said barrels through said outlet means; rod packings in said barrel; a rod connected to each end of saidpiston and extending through one of said rod packings to the exterior of said pump;

said piston and rods being hollow; and means ,to

circulate a coolant thru said piston and rods, independently of said pump.

4. A pump having a barrel; inlet and outlet means for said barrel; a hollow expanslble pumping member in said barrel; pumping fluid in said member; a piston packing; a piston extending through and reciprocable in said piston packing to actuate said pumping fluid to effect the expansion and contraction of said member to draw pumped fluid into said barrel through said inlet means, and to expel it from said barrel through said outlet means; a rod packing; a rod connected to said piston and extending through said rod packing to the exterior of said barrel; said piston and rod being hollow and communicating with said inlet means and outlet means so that a portion of the pumped fluid discharged through said outlet means will pass through said piston and rod into said inlet means.

5. A pump having a barrel; inlet and outlet means for said barrel; a hollow expansible pumping member in said barrel; pumping fluid-in said member; a piston packing; a piston extending through and reciprocable in said piston packing to actuate said pumping fluid to efiect the expansion and contraction of said member to draw pumped fluid into said barrel through said inlet means, and to expel it from said barrel through said outlet means; a rod packing; a rod connected to said piston and extending through said rod packing to the exterior oi said barrel; said piston and rod being hollow and communicating with said outlet means so that a portion of the pumped fluid discharged through said outlet means will pass through said piston and rod.

6. A pump having a barrel; inlet and outlet means for said barrel; a hollow expansible pumping member in said barrel; pumping fluid in said member; a piston packing; a piston extending through and reciprocable in said piston packing and rod being hollow; means to circulate a coolant thru said piston and rod, independently of said pump.

'7. A pump having a barrel; inlet and outlet means for said barrel; a hollow expansible pumping member in said barrel; pumping fluid in said member; a piston packing; a piston extending through and reciprocable in said piston packing to actuate said pumping fluid to effect the expansion and contraction of said member to draw pumped fluid into said barrel through said inlet means, and to expel it from said barrel through said outlet means; said piston being hollow and communicating with said outlet means so that a portion of the pumped fluid discharged through said outlet means will pass through said piston.

8. A pump having a barrel, an expansible pumping member in said barrel, pumping fluid in said member, a piston to actuate said pumping fluid to cause said member to pump fluid through said barrel, said piston being hollow and being closed against the entrance of pumping fluid thereinto, and means for passing through said piston a fluid medium of different temperature from said pumping fluid to regulate the temperature of said piston and said pumping fluid.

JAMES S. ABERCROMBIE. 

